What Causes Hemorrhoids?
No one really knows what exactly causes hemorrhoids to enlarge. However, there are a couple of theories that we will go over here.
Some of theses theories include an inadequate intake of fiber, prolonged sitting on the toilet, and chronic constipation. There is not very much experimental support to back up any of these theories. Pregnancy is a common cause of enlarged hemorrhoids, though the actual reason is not known. Another cause can be enlarged tumors in the pelvis. These tumors can cut off the veins draining the anal canal and cause enlarged hemorrhoids.
Another theory takes into consideration the pulling force of passing a stool. This would particularly be the case with a hard stool passing through the rectal canal that drags the hemorrhoidal cushions downward. This relates to having an inadequate fiber intake.
Hemorrhoids are known to be more prevalent in the 45 to 65 age group. Another theory suggests that with age, or an aggravating condition, the supporting tissues that are responsible for tying the hemorrhoids to the underlying muscle deteriorates. Over time this allows the hemorrhoidal tissue to slide down into the rectal canal.
It is a physiological fact that enlarged hemorrhoids are associated with elevated pressure in the rectal sphincter, the muscle surrounding the rectal canal, and the hemorrhoids. The rectal sphincter is the muscle area that allows us to control our bowel movements. We don’t know if the elevated pressure precedes the enlarged hemorrhoids, or if the enlarged hemorrhoids causes the elevated pressure. If it precedes the hemorrhoids, perhaps increased pressure during a bowel movement in the rectal canal is the cause. This would greatly increase the pulling force of the stool as the theory states above.
Some also believe that there is a genetic predisposition for hemorrhoids. This predisposition could be weak rectal vein walls or valves. Others also believe that humans are more prone to hemorrhoids simply because of our erect posture. This naturally sends more blood to the rectal area making it easier for them to form.