Terms and Definitions

Hemorrhoid: an abnormally enlarged vein mainly due to a persistent increase in venous pressure, occurring inside the sphincter of the rectum and beneath the mucous membrane (internal hemorrhoid) or outside the sphincter and beneath the surface of the skin (external hemorrhoid).

Pile: another name for a hemorrhoid.

Rectum: the comparatively straight, terminal section of the intestine, ending in the anus.

Anus: the opening at the lower end of the alimentary canal, through which the solid refuse of digestion is excreted.

Stool: the fecal matter evacuated at each movement of the bowels.

Constipation: a condition of the bowels in which the feces are dry and hardened and evacuation is difficult and infrequent.

Visceral: referring to the viscera, the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines).

Somatic: relating to the body. a. As distinguished from the mind (the psyche). b. As distinguished from the gonads.

Gangrene: necrosis or death of soft tissue due to obstructed circulation, usually followed by decomposition and putrefaction.

Thrombosis: intravascular coagulation of the blood in any part of the circulatory system, as in the heart, arteries, veins, or capillaries.