Sclerotherapy

Injection sclerotherapy is a procedure used to treat small hemorrhoids. It is only used on internal hemorrhoids. This fixative procedure uses a chemical that scars the tissue and stops the hemorrhoid blood supply. The doctor injects this chemical into the vein inside the hemorrhoid. The chemical hardens the vein and the sourrounding hemorrhoid tissue. A scar forms in place of the hemorrhoid on the wall of the sphincter canal. This scar in turn holds the nearby tissues and veins in place so they do not bulge. This procedure takes place in a doctor's office.

Doctors recommend sclerotherapy with: The doctor will normally start by inserting a viewing instrument into your anus so he can see that everything is going as planned. The doctor will grab thehemorrhoid with an instrument similar to pliers, and will place the band around it while holding it. After this, the doctor will remove the instruments and be done.

• Small hemorrhoids that do not react to home treatment
• Internal hemorrhoids that are not big enough for rubber band ligation
• Persistent bleeding from hemorrhoids
• People age 70 and older who are in poor health and could not receive more invasive surgery

Sclerotherapy is comparable to rubber band ligation for small hemorrhoids. That is about 60 to 80 percent effective. However, sclerotherapy is not as effective as rubber band ligation for larger hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids often reoccur after sclerotherapy, but the procedure can be repeated.

Complications include:

• Painful burning if the injection is too close to the anus
• Allergic reaction
• Possible shedding of mucosa (rectal lining)
• Infection in the sphincter area
• Uncontrollable bowels or bladder
• Prostatitis (infection of the prostate)
• Bleeding

Bleeding from the anus can occur for 7 to 10 days after the procedure, especially when the hemorrhoid falls off. Bleeding should be light and stop on its own, otherwise seek medical attention. Over the counter pain relievers and shallow baths for 15 minutes at a time are fine. To help reduce the risk of bleeding, don't take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for 4 to 5 days before and after the procedure. Doctors recommend taking stool softeners to help ensure smooth bowel movements. Straining during bowel movements increase the risk ofhemorrhoids recurring.

Sclerotherapy is not an everyday procedure and is not as common as other fixative procedures. The doctor's expertise plays a large roll in the effectiveness of the procedure. It is important to find an experienced doctor in this field. It is also important to make changes in your daily diet to encourage smooth bowel movements. If hemorrhoids persist, sclerotherapy can be repeated. Other surgical treatments can also be tried.